应用背景 FIR(fini te impulse response)滤波器是数字信号处理系统中最基本的元件，它可以在保证任意幅频特性的同时具有严格的线性相频特性，同时其单位冲激响应是有限的，没有输入到输出的反馈，系统稳定。因此，FIR滤波器在通信、图像处理、模式识别等领域都有着广泛的应用。关键技术在进入FIR滤波器前，首先要将信号通过A／D器件进行模数转换，使之成为8bit的数字信号，一般可用速度较高的逐次逼进式A／D转换器，不论采用乘累加方法还是分布式算法设计FIR滤波器，滤波器输出的数据都是一串序列，要使它能直观地反应出来，还需经过数模转换，因此由FPGA构成的FIR滤波器的输出须外接D／A模块。
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