编译器 词法分析是指原文件被分解为词法符号的过程，通常是整个编译过程的第一步。虽然通常认为了解 C++ 的词法分析过程对于大多数一辈子都不会编写 C++ 编译器的程序员来说意义不大，但这篇文章不仅仅是为了满足某些人的好奇心而写的，因为我觉得任意一个严谨的 C++ 程序员都应该对 C++ 的词法分析有所了解，以避免一些偶然情况下会发生的错误
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